Woven fabric bags



y 2, 1955 A. F. OTTINGER ETAL 2,712,843

WOVEN FABRIC BAGS Filed July 5, 1952 United States Patent WOVEN FABRIC BAGS August F. Gttinger, St. Louis, and Robert E. Pierce, Glendale, Mo., assignors to Bernis Bro. Bag Company, St. Louis, Mo., a corporation of Missouri Application July 5, 1952, Serial No. 297,268

Claims. (Cl. 150-1) This invention relates to woven fabric bags. It is specially concerned with rayon bags, and will be particularly described in the following specification as it relates to rayon bags, but it will be understood that the principles of the invention are applicable to bags made of other woven fabrics.

Rayon cloth is an excellent material for bags such, for example, as are used for feed, being of relatively low cost, having a fine appearance, taking printing in excellent manner, and being of extra value to purchasers because the printing may be such as to be washed out and the cloth salvaged. Economical manufacture of rayon cloth into bags, to preserve the original economy of use of the cloth, requires that the bags be formed by segmenting a continuous web of cloth into individual bag blanks, and forming each blank into a bag by folding it in half and stitching a side and bottom seam. While the continuous Web of cloth has selvages at both edges, the segmenting results in raw edges at two opposite edges of each blank. Rayon cloth being unsized, conventional seam stitching alone of these raw edges of the folded blank does not produce a seam of suflicient strength to resist the pulling of the warp yarns of the cloth through the stitches under strains such as may commonly occur in the handling of the filled bag, with the result of seam failure and the opening up of holes through which the contents of the bag may sift.

The object of the invention is the provision of a woven fabric bag, and especially a rayon bag, which while having a stitched raw-edged seam is reinforced against seam failure as above described in a most economical manner.

The invention accordingly comprises the elements and combinations of elements, features of construction and arrangements of parts which will be exemplified in the structures hereinafter described, and the scope of which will be indicated in the following claims.

In the accompanying drawings, in which one of various possible embodiments of the invention is illustrated,

Fig. l is a plan of a portion of a continuous web from which bags of this invention are made;

Fig. 2 is a perspective of a folded bag blank;

Fig. 3 is a view of the Fig. 2 blank stitched and treated in accordance with our invention;

Fig. 4 is an enlarged fragment of Fig. 3;

Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross section taken on line 55 of Fig. 3; and,

Fig. 6 is a view of the Fig. 3 product turned inside out.

Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views of the drawmgs.

Referring to the drawings, Fig. 1 illustrates a portion of a lentgh of a continuous web 1 of unsized woven fabric, specifically rayon, having warp yarns 3 extending lengthwise of the web, filler yarns 5 extending widthwise of the web, and selvages 7. The width of the web corresponds to the height of bags to be manufactured. The web is segmented by cutting on the transverse dot-dash lines illustrated in Fig. 1 into individual rectangular bag blanks 2,712,843 Patented July 12, 1955 9. Each blank is so cut as to have a length (in the lengthwise direction of the web) corresponding to twice the width of bags to be manufactured. As a result of the cutting, each blank has selvages 7 at two opposite margins, and raw edges 11 at its other two opposite margins (Fig. 2).

As shown in Fig. 2, each blank 9 is folded in half on a fold line 13 transverse to the selvages 7 (and warp yarns 3), thereby bringing the raw edges together and doubling the selvages. Then the folded blank or bag body is fed through a sewing machine to stitch a side seam and a bottom seam (see Fig. 3). The side seam is formed by a line of stitching 15 adjacent the raw edges 11, thus being a raw-edged seam. The bottom seam is formed by a line of stitching 17 adjacent one doubled selvage forming a continuation of 15. The other doubled selvage is not stitched at this time, to provide the bag mouth, being stitched after the bag has been filled. Fig. 3 illustrates the Fig. 2 folded blank or bag body after stitching. Fig. 6 illustrates the Fig. 3 stitched blank turned inside out, as is customary, so that the stitched seams are inturned.

Our invention involves the treatment of the raw-edged side seam outward of the stitching 15 with a binding material as indicated at 19 to bind the yarns of the fabric together to resist the pulling through the stitching of the warp yarns 3 of the fabric, which yarns run transversely of the stitching 15. As shown in Figs. 3-5, the binding material extends as a stripe along the raw-edged side seam with the inner margin 21 of the stripe closely adjacent but not touching the stitching 15. The stripe need not be the full width of the raw-edge seam and, as shown, is preferably narrower than the seam to conserve binding material. The term seam is here used to mean the marginal portions of the fabric outward of the stitching.

" The stripe of binding material is carried into the selvage 7 at the bottom of the bag, as shown best in Fig. 4, but is not carried along the bottom seam because the selvage here resists pulling of the yarns, and it would be wasteful of binding material to apply it along the selvage.

It is important that no binding material be applied on the inside (or bag side) of the stitching 15 (i. e., to the right of stitching 15 as viewed in Figs. 3-5) because the binding material stiffens the yarns and detracts from their resilience, thus decreasing their strength. Such weakening of the yarns is undesirable on the inside of the stitching, where the yarns are subjected to strain due to the weight of the contents of the bag. However, the weakening effect of the binding material on the yarns outside of stitching 15 is not detrimental, as these yarns are not subjected to such strain. Moreover, binding material on the inside of stitching 15 would have no effect to resist pulling of the yarns through the stitching.

We prefer to use a lacquer-type binding material, and we have successfully used a lacquer consisting of 18% ethyl cellulose and 82% solvent, the solvent consisting of 50% toluene and 50% methyl alcohol. Other lacquers such as nitrocellulose in acetone or polyvinyl acetate in ethyl methyl ketone may be used.

It will be understood that the binding material may be any film-forming coating that will bond the yarns together and will penetrate through one layer of fabric to the other. Lacquers such as above mentioned are very suitable for the purpose because they readily penetrate and are fast drying.

It is further understood that in some instances, where it may be desirable to prevent unraveling of the fibers along the raw edge, the treatment may extend over the entire area of the seam beyond the stitching.

Cross reference is made to our copending divisional application Serial No. 382,438, filed September 25, 1953, entitled Methods of and Apparatus for the Manufacture of Woven Fabric Bags.

whe eby he. Q the oth r o. epnqs te In view of the ahove, it will be seen that the several ebie ts 9. 5. he. gveg iqa ate asltie e and other advantageous results attained.

As various changes could be made in the above cont astians ith u depa tin rom the t ne 9 the @1 non, -i te ,.tlthet al m t er Q tte ee h a o ess ip i n or ho n he. me aw ts/i s dta tes sha l e. in rn etee as. lus ra i e. and. set i limit n sense.

woven fabric having a stitgtiedraw-esl eq eem! the a ed edse m eut a l' of e s ir-h g Ybeing n c ide l i y ntl Ps ma rie abri re 129 9 eset aet t esi he. p1 th qu h w tiell. rug tra sv rsel -Qt he inward. Qt he seam. be free qt hin n met as. made 9.? a b eak. 9 r yo ha ng we 9.129 w e es. he blan be te n t o hat h two ta. ed s. br u ht tq e bee il e of tt h aet ias n he raw ed e the :r e.

d f g bei e. pro ided ith. a lat-a m bqtn tqgethe 9. t is fthe g o hese am hi h 9 he itqa t the t rm; in a d Qt the b in fre at l s uet: A has t i ds Qt a ene all re atta lat bl nk of 1 1... d wa es t lziie h n en y m nd llet yams said blank ha ing s a e? 9 w o s te ed e and the es. be n ra d e the blank be n folded in halt on a fold line transverse to the warp yarns and. sa a e e ed e an e s l n n at the fielded bl k bein ned. by a s ched. s em. e tttet ins ttt e t btie tw rd 9f he sti s i tg i t ittathe raw edges being provided with a material for binding the warp and filler yarns whereby to enable the warp yarns to resist being pulled through the'stitches, the fabric infolded blank being joined by a stitched seam, the margins of the rayon outward of the stitching joining the raw edges being provided with a lacquer whereby the Warp and filler. yarns are bound together and whereby the warp yarns are enabled to resist" being pulled through the stitches, the rayon inward- 0f the seam being 'free of lacquer. t

5. A bag as set forth in claim 4 wherein the lacquer in each said rnargin extends as a stripe having its inner marn close yadi e t te .st ehi t R eren es. Cite in. h file f i Pat Q....T P STATES PATENT 745,028 Toles Nov. 24, 1903 1,768,126 'Maier June 24, 1930 1,775,793 Wechsler Sept. 16, 1930 2,011,512. Carmichael et al. Aug. 3, 1935 2,022,300 Gundall Nov. 12, 1935 2,319,019- Van Court May 11, 1943 2,524,982 Levitt Oct. 10, 1950 2,534,473 Peek Dec. 19', 1950 Levitt Apr. 29, 1952 

